Clinicians seek alternatives to biopsy for clinically evaluating bone marrow mutations in cytopenic patients. A retrospective study's insights help inform timing decisions regarding allogenic HCT in patients with MDS or CMML. Investigators examined patients' baseline transfusion burdens and erythropoietin levels for correlations with agent response. The COMMANDS trial data underscore luspatercept as the preferred treatment for disease not previously exposed to ESAs. A cohort lifetime study from Hamda Khan, MA, and Jason Hodges, PhD, MA, follows patients from pediatric into adult SCD care. A phase II trial evaluated use of the thrombopoietin receptor agonist in patients with at least one prior therapy. Most of the research performed up to this point on the influence of clonal dynamics in MDS has focused on high-risk disease. A majority of patients in the study had complete remission of disease within bone marrow with the combination therapy. A recent study brings insight regarding the best timing for this CAR-T therapy in patients with prior BCMA-directed therapy. Dr. Theodore Wun and Dr. Olubusola Oluwole investigated the causes of rising stroke rates among pediatric and adult patients. Efficacy and safety primary analysis findings are reported from the international, open-label FREEDOM2 trial. A new study addresses the need for data on treatment outcomes in patients younger than 12 years of age. Levels for certain inflammation biomarkers in patients with MDS were similar to in patients with autoinflammatory disorders. In pediatric, adolescent, and young adult patients, hematopoietic stem cell transplant was found to bolster overall survival. The most common serious treatment-emergent adverse event among patients receiving either therapy was pneumonia. A phase II trial calculated a 4-year event-free survival rate of 96% and overall survival rate of 100% from the combination. Differences were identified between patient racial groups and by urban versus rural populations. A magnetic resonance imaging study has compared tissue iron levels and biventricular function between the two conditions. Lactate dehydrogenase level was pinpointed as a significant predictor of thromboembolism and mortality. A study has assessed cryogenically preserved ovarian tissue samples from women with SCD for any effects from hydroxyurea.