Personalized Prevention: Using Genetics and Biomarkers to Guide Cardiovascular Risk Reduction

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, responsible for nearly 17.9 million deaths every year, according to WHO. Public health programs have historically focused on blanket, one-size-fits-all interventions such as encouraging healthy diets, regular physical activity, smoking cessation, and screening for known risk factors like obesity, hypertension, and high cholesterol. While this approach has saved millions of lives, it ignores a critical dimension: genetic makeup. Not everyone has the same biological risk. Traditional models can overlook individuals who appear healthy on paper but may carry hidden vulnerabilities

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