Oncology Round-Up: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors; and More

RESILIENT Trial: Second-Line Liposomal Irinotecan in Small Cell Lung Cancer

The first phase of the RESILIENT trial was comprised of dose-exploration and dose-expansion in a total cohort of 25 patients with SCLC. The primary goal of the trial were to define the safety and tolerability profiles, and to identify a recommended dose. Primary efficacy endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Relapsed Small Cell Lung Cancer

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are approved for treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, according to Yulian Xu and colleagues, the efficacy and safety of ICIs in relapsed SCLC are unclear. They performed a systematic review of published ICI studies and reported that “the administration of ICIs resulted in a similar survival outcome and acceptable safety compared with chemotherapy” for patients with relapsed SCLC.

Circular RNA Ataxin 7 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

According to a report in Thoracic Cancer, circular RNA ataxin 7 (circATXN7) has been shown to have a “promoting influence” on disease progression in patients with gastric cancers, but its role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unclear. Researchers examined levels of the circular RNA, Ataxin 7 and observed that correlated withthe malignancy of NSCLC cells.

Outcomes of Anlotinib in Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer and Liver Metastasis

Researchers set out to characterize survival outcomes in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) treated with anlotinib in the ALTER 1202 trial, including those with liver metastasis. After their post hoc analysis, the study’s primary investigator, Ying Cheng, and colleagues reported that anlotinib appeared to improve progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with SCLC compared to a placebo.

Examining Small Cell Breast Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis

In a randomized controlled trial, published in Frontiers in Endocrinology, researchers aimed to further characterize the incidence, clinical pathology, and potential prognostic factors of primary small cell breast carcinoma (SCBC). Primary investigator, Jiahao Zhu, and colleagues reported that SCBC is a “rare, aggressive tumor that needs uniform multimodality therapies,” and they proposed that combined surgery and chemotherapy is the optimal approach in small cell breast carcinoma treatment.